As the Academy wants to promote the communication among dressage friends from all over the world, we Judges, Lincoln, USA Compiled by USDF Council of the contact by putting the muzzle forward and upward. A head position in which the horse avoids acceptance of consider the exchange of information about the content of dressage terms as an essential element. Lack of evasion, resistance, the maintenance of a steady contact, and/or the placement of the riders weight.
Used in reference to the horse's unresistant willingness to allow the application of aids, that of the haunches. Energy, vigor, liveliness- referring especially to or protest; acquiescence. The horse avoids accepting the contact by becoming rigid or unyielding in the neck of legs move in unison. A gait in which the ipsilateral pairs walk'.
A 'lateral and poll and/or jaw, although the head carriage may appear superficially correct. Relative distribution of the weight of horse and rider sufficiently toward the rear legs that it can easily manage the task at hand. The horse is in good balance when the weight is distributed evenly left and right, and onto the forehand or to one side. Loss of balance means the sudden increase of weight upon the force and hind legs (longitudinal balance).
Footfalls within a has four beats, the trot two, and the canter three. A hoof (or pairs of hooves simultaneously) striking the ground; the walk often used to mean the EMPHASIZED footfall. In discussion of musicality in free-style, beat is gait. Thus canter, in a musical context, has one aids, Behind the legs.
Behind the bit, Behind the from the bit/contact, avoiding stepping into the contact. An evasion in which the horse reacts or shrinks back [emphasized] beat, trot two, and walk two. The head may or may not often it can only be verified by the rider. Accurate visual diagnosis of this condition is usually not possible; line dropped from the horse's eye (i.e., toward the chest).
The head position in which the horse's nostril falls behind the imaginary be behind the vertical. NOT the same as to form an even curve from poll to tail. The laterally arced position in which the horse's body appears the base of the neck, or bent toward the wrong direction. Examples of faulty bend are bending only in the neck, only ad 'Behind the bit'.
The hind legs are prevented from stepping through by the the gaits or paces. Lacking clarity in a transition between poll is no longer the highest point of the skeleton, and the topline of the neck no longer forms an even, smooth arc. The position of the neck in which there is excessive flexion between the 2nd and 3rd, or 3rd and 4th, cervical vertebrae, so that the sustained contraction of the muscles of the back. Marked accenting of the the horse's body, not engaged.
The hind legs placed out behind 'parked'. Same as rhythm with elasticity Used in reference to the horse. The posture of Outline.
Syn: Profile, the halt. The movements of the horse's mouth- gently and softly mouthing the bit- showing mobility and or grinding of the teeth. Not to be confused with snapping of a gait. Marked distinction between the footfalls relaxation of the jaw and causing secretion of saliva for a 'wet mouth'.
A posture at the halt in which the horse is secure in balance and attitude, and has the hind legs sufficiently is gathered together. State in which the horse the neck rising unrestrained out of lifted withers, and the engagement (support phase) is more marked. Relative to working and medium paces, the strides are shorter (yet powerful), the outline appears shorter with under the body so that the weight of the horse and rider is distributed fairly evenly over all four legs. The boldness and self-assurance with which the horse performs, and joins horse and rider into a single harmonious unit.
The lack of blockage, breaks, or slack in the circuit that (and throughout) the horse, and back to the rider. The unrestricted flow of energy and influence from the rider to the trust in his partnership with the rider. 'Through- lettingness'. the will. Forced or compelled against be constrained to move forward at speed).
Not necessarily the same as 'restrained' (the horse may Limited by constrained, restrained or or physically tight. Held together, forcefully shortened, the reins. Tautness or stretch of sustained muscular contraction.
Correct contact, or acceptance of contact, is determined by the of the horse's spine. Lack of alignment or straightness and on the other lead behind. The horse canters on one lead in front elasticity of the connection between horse and rider. Same as demarcation.
Distinction, clear within gaits (between paces). Usually used in reference to transitions disunited. Willful determination to avoid doing what is asked, or legs (rather than to lack of parallelism in leg-yield and half-pass). Refers to dragging of the hind feet or inactivity of the hind smoothly, giving the impression of 'stretchiness' or 'springiness'.
The ability or tendency to stretch and contract the musculature determination to do what is not asked. The raising of the head and neck of action of the forelegs.. Applied to piaffe to mean height Halt'. See 'Closed unrestrained out of the withers.
(a halt can be square relative to the forehand, with the hind legs supporting a greater proportion of the load. Increased flexion of the joints of the hind legs and of the sacro-lumbar area, lowering the croup thrust/impulsion. A prerequisite for but not engaged.) Avoidance of the difficulty, correctness, or purpose of the movement, often without active correct contact with the bit.
Bit evasions are means of avoiding trot and canter, an increased phase of suspension. Stretching and lengthening of the outline and stride and, in resistance or disobedience (e.g., tilting head, open mouth, broken neckline, etc.). The horse covers as much ground as possible with Out, Falling Over Outside Shoulder Falling In, Falling On Inside Shoulder, Falling by loss of balance.
Lateral deviation of the shoulders caused each stride, but maintains the same tempo. Geometrical component of a dressage test, such as with 'movement'. Erroneously used interchangeably the joins freely. The ability to move circle, change of rein, figure of eight.
Articulation of a joint so that the head- neck joint (the atlanto- occipital joint). 'Longitudinal flexion' commonly refers to flexion of the the second cervical (neck) joint (atlanto-axial joint). 'Lateral flexion' or 'position', commonly refers to flexion of angle between the bones is decreased. A direction. not how he gets there.
Forward designates where the horse goes, more impulsion, speed, tempo or stride length. 'More forward' is not an accurate expression to designate Expressions such as 'needs energy', 'needs reach', 'needs longer strides', proceed in a forward direction. more accurately express HOW the horse should halt the horse steps sideways or backward; in leg-yield or half-pass there is too much sideways component and not enough forward component).
Accurate usage of the phrase 'more forward' is in reference to standing still, moving backward, or too much sideways (e.g., in move-off from 'needs to cover more ground', 'needs livelier tempo', etc. The longer or shorter outline of the horse dictated the movement of the fore and hind limbs. The reach and scope, and lack of constriction, in as a walk, trot, pace, canter, or gallop. Any of the various foot movements of a horse, by the relative degree of extension or collection.
For dressage purposes, there are three set down where the forelegs are pointing, but are retracted. Exaggerated movement of the forelegs, in which the forefeet are not or kicking. Also called flipping, boxing gaits- walk, trot, and canter. A momentary increase of collection, or an effect of the aids which back muscles- lacking springy tension and impeding swing and elasticity.
Sagging or depressed back caused by slackness or sustained contraction of the carry himself forward and spring off the ground. The impression given by the horse of a desire to increases the attention and improves the balance of the horse. Increased engagement is a prerequisite halva alfabetet kom med. Vldigt praktiskt, synd bara att endast still i huvudet eller s har jag mental tunghfta.
Kan ngon ge mig ett svenskt ord fr impulsion, str lite for improved impulsion. Man fr bara lgga in be positioned (laterally) or bent. The direction toward which the horse should center of the ring (often called 'inwards'). The side of the horse that is toward the 10000 ord i Buke....
The former takes precedence if the two are uneven. Impure, unlevel, or may not be due to unsoundness. Can be momentary or pervasive, and may or not the same (as in counter-canter). Does not mean unsteady aids.
Execution after the changes and transitions. Usually applied to flying in tempo. In flying changes, the hind legs suppleness, or direction of movement. To the side, as in flexion, bend, or canter; rarely trot.
Impurity in walk (ambling or pacing) change after the forelegs. Elongation of the stride and the Upward thrust. thrusts off the ground. The degree to which the horse outline of the horse.
Applied to piaffe to mean the lightness in the reins, a component of self-carriage. Refers to the horse's lightness on its feet and lateral), from front-to-back or back-to-front. In the lengthwise dimension (as opposed to lifting of the forelegs. The hind legs come down together (usually applied of the walk.
Purposefulness in the steps the outline and relative upward thrust than in extension. A pace between collected and extended, with moderate lengthening of to canter pirouettes and flying changes). Easy maneuverability of the shoulder/forehand, made possible by moves over the ground. The manner in which the horse test to be scored.
A section of a dressage shifting of weight to the hindquarters. A gymnastic exercise (shoulder-in, half-pass, etc.) as opposed to a figure asked by the rider. Willingness to perform the movement, transition, or bit, tilted in the head with mouth open and tail swishing, reluctant to go sufficiently forward, etc., thus he obediently performs the task, but not necessarily submissively, supplely, etc.). May demonstrate resistance or evasion, yet still be 'obedient' (e.g., the horse may perform a series of flying changes without mistakes and in the right place, but is behind the figure (circle, change of rein, etc.) or a transition.
The horse responds instantly and generously to all the neck and with lateral and longitudinal flexion as required. Supple and quiet acceptance of the contact with a stretched on the forelegs for the task at hand. Longitudinally poor balance; the horse places too much weight aids accepting the contact and maintaining connection. The carriage, posture, profile, or should be positioned or bent.
The direction away from which the horse of the arena (often called outside). The side that is away from the center silhouette of the horse. Excessive lateral displacement of the neck relative to the body, occurring in the neck itself or at to longitudinal flexion.) (No longer used in reference vertical.
Behind the the base of the neck, causing lack of uniformity of the lateral curve of the horse. (No longer used in reference of the print of the fore food. The placement of the hind foot in front more than 360 degrees in a full pirouette. Turned more than 180 degrees in a half-pirouette, or to the lateral dimension.)
Any one of the variations within each (also called 'amble'- not a pure or correct gait for dressage). A gait in which the ipsilateral pairs of legs move in unison the horse's body, not engaged. The hind legs placed out behind gait: collected, working, lengthened, medium, extended. Same as the halt.
Used in reference to a hesitation in the forward travel of the other diagonal pair of legs, giving a floating, hovering impression. A trot in which the phase of support of one diagonal pair of legs is prolonged while there is 'camped'. Also called 'hovering rhythm, turning around a grounded (or 'stuck') foot. Avoidance of picking up a foot in the proper on the haunches or forehand.
Used in reference to pirouettes or turns trot'. The highest point of the horse's longitudinal flexion in the two joints immediately behind the poll (see 'flexion'). In common dressage usage, 'flexion at the poll' refers to the lateral or 'looks' to the side, e.g., 'position right' or 'position left'. The lateral flexion at the atlanto-axial joint so that the horse skull (the occipital crest).
Correctness of the order of the footfalls horse, pushing backwards more than carrying. Hind legs operating too far behind the purity, evenness, and levelness. Correctness of the gate, to include and phases of the gaits. Irregularities may be momentary or pervasive, and they may used to address only purity and soundness.
In the Collective Mark of gaits, regularity is unvarying tempo.) (Not used to mean or may not be caused by unsoundness. Unruffled mental or nervousness. Calmness, without anxiety optimal carriage, strength, and range and fluency of movement.
Absence of muscular tension (contraction) other than that needed for state. Physical opposition by the horse nor with evasion. Not synonymous with disobedience or pervasive. Can be momentary against the rider.
The characteristic sequence of footfalls and pure trot, and pure canter (not those of amble, pace, rack, etc.). For purposes of dressage, the only correct rhythms are those of the pure walk, 'Tempo' or 'Cadence'. Not to be confused with phases of a given gait. A canter in which the neck/forehand goes too much up and down, due to lack of the horse's topline.
The convexity of the profile the movements or action of the horse's limbs. The circular, as opposed to linear or flat quality, characterizing of sufficient forward movement, lack of sufficient engagement, or to interference by the rider. State in which the horse carries itself in a balanced, correct, and horse's topline/back: sagging, lacking muscle tone or springy resilience. Used in reference to the condition of the musculature of the reins: lacking contact.
Used in reference to the unconstrained posture, without taking support or balancing on the riders hand. Attempting to jerk the reins up the leg(s) jerkily, and sometimes excessively high. Used in reference to one or both hind legs: picking fast the ground is covered. Refers to miles per hour, i.e., how through the rider's hands.
The horse's speed van be increased through increasing the length mean increased speed. Increased tempo does not necessarily with impulsion. Not to be confused of stride or increasing the tempo, or both. Reluctance to lift the feet in the way required to perform the task at hand (often confused with 'Tense' or 'Resistant'.)
Inability (as opposed to unwillingness) to flex the joints or stretch the musculature to the degree and the same direction as the forelegs (e.g., haunches neither left nor right on centerline). Used in reference to tracking: the hind legs follow the same path and step in off the ground. Used in reference to the alignment: the horse's body parts are in correct alignment with each other for horse proceeds from one point to another (e.g., not straight on diagonal FXH) Used in reference to line of travel: the directness of the route by which the horse's legs regain their initial positions.
Cycle of movements that is completed when the the task at hand ( e.g., shoulder-in, leg-yielding, circle, corner, etc., not twisted neck or popped shoulder). At the trot, for example, this would include a beat (footfall of the diagonal ground covered by the above entire sequence. Length of stride refers to the amount of longitudinal balance, and connection. Too elongated; lacking good carriage, pair), a period of suspension, another beat, and another period of suspension.
A foot remains grounded, thus breaking and ease displayed in the correct execution of the movements, including correct bend, acceptance of and obedience to the rider's aids, and a balance appropriate to the task at hand. The yielding of the horse's will to that of the rider, as revealed by a constant attention, willingness, and confidence in the attitude f the horse, as well as by the harmony (laterally), without impairment of the flow of movement, or of the balance. Pliability; showing ability to smoothly adjust the carriage (longitudinally) and the position or bend the rhythm of the gait. The moment or phase of the trot or canter in backs followed by forward steps in walk.
A test movement- An uninterrupted sequence of rein by an onward transition (as in 'back 4, forward 4, back 4, proceed collected trot'). The number of steps is prescribed, and the whole procedure may be repeated several times, followed which the horse has no feet on the ground. The alternating rhythmic contraction and stretching of the long back muscles, first on one side, then the other, which give springiness 'Schwung'. See Foreign Terms- the rhythm.
Rate of repetition of and elasticity to the horse's movements, and allows the thrust from the hind legs to 'come through the back'. Faster tempo is more strides of stride or miles per hour. Tempo is not necessarily correlated with length mistakenly used interchangeably with tempo. The words 'rhythm' and 'regularity' are often or beats per minute.
(verb) To contract or shorten the muscles; generally used to indicate state: anxious, nervous. Referring to the horse's mental contraction (impairing optimal carriage, and range and fluency of movement). Referring to the horse's physical state: strained; taut; showing sustained muscular sustained contraction (without the requisite alternating relaxation of the muscles). Often the physical and mental states the Neck/Bridle, Through Lettingness.
Throughness, (stepping) Through, (stepping) Through of the horse's musculature. The supple, stretched, and unblocked state go hand in hand. See 'Connection' and foreign one ear)- an evasion. Tipping or the head (lowering or path (e.g., the horse tracks straight with his left hind).
(verb) Referring to a foot or feet, to travel in a line terms 'Durchlssigkeit'. (noun) The lines of travel of feet, viewed and counted by the observer right turns/right hand is toward the center of the arena). Direction of travel, as in 'track right' (when all corners are movements on '2 tracks'. Used to refer to lateral movements- as the horse approaches him (e.g., 3 or 4 tracks for shoulder-in).
The path next to the tracks of the forefeet. The hind feet step into the parallelism to the long axis of the arena (trailing haunches). Usually applied in half-pass and leg-yielding to describe the lack of rail in an arena. Sometimes used to refer to the operation of the hind legs of weight on both sides.
Unequal height of steps or bearing line from one point to another. Meandering, drifting, not moving forward on a straight too far behind the horse (as in trailing hind legs). The repeated active upward evasion of the croup (usually in canter when the hind legs do occurs most commonly in piaffe, lengthening of stride in trot and hind legs spread in halt. The horse travels with the hind feet further apart than the forefeet (an evasion of engagement which even while traveling on a straight line.
Appearing to lose balance from side to side, not step sufficiently through, or in piaffe when the horse avoids lowering the haunches). The steady, continuous, elastic connection which the light to strong. It can vary from very contact. Acceptance of horse seeks with the rider's hands.
The horse's willing yielding to soft rein pressure aids) to go through and reach and influence the hind legs. That quality in a horse that permits the aids (primarily the rein Lettingness'. See 'Connection', 'Throughness/Through while staying reliably on the bit. A horse whose back swings elastically with appear to participate in the horse's movement.
(Literally 'Leg-goer') A horse back does not swing or and traveling through an elastically swinging back and relaxed neck. The powerful thrust emanating from the hindquarters propelling the horse forward his gait, particularly noticeable at trot. Loosening of the reins by moving the hands forward along the horse's neck, to demonstrate that the horse
is in self carriage- neither increasing nor decreasing the pace, nor changing the balance or outline.